Excessive voltage distortion rate can bring various hazards, mainly reflected in the impact on the power grid, electrical equipment, and user electrical equipment. The following is a detailed analysis of these hazards:

1、 Impact on the power grid
Reduce power grid stability: High voltage distortion rate will increase the harmonic content in the power grid. When these harmonic currents propagate in the power grid, they may resonate with components such as inductors and capacitors, amplifying harmonics and further affecting the stability of the power grid.
Increasing power grid losses: When harmonic currents flow in the power grid, they will generate additional losses on transmission lines, transformers, and other equipment, reducing the transmission efficiency of the power grid.
Limiting the power supply capacity of the power grid: Harmonics can inject useless work into the grid, leading to energy waste and a decrease in grid capacity, thereby limiting the power supply capacity of the grid.

2、 Impact on electrical equipment
Increase equipment failure rate: A high voltage distortion rate can lead to an increase in the failure rate of electrical equipment, and even damage. When harmonic current flows inside the equipment, it may cause problems such as overheating and vibration, accelerating the aging and damage of the equipment.
Impact on equipment performance: Harmonic currents can also affect the performance of electrical equipment, such as causing fluctuations in motor speed and a decrease in transformer efficiency.
Causing control system misoperation: For precision electronic devices such as computers and programmable logic controllers (PLCs), high voltage distortion rates may lead to control system misoperation, resulting in production or operation interruptions and significant economic losses.

3、 The impact on users' electrical equipment
Affects the normal operation of electrical equipment: High voltage distortion rate can cause users' electrical equipment to malfunction, such as household fluorescent lamps that cannot start, and performance degradation of electrical equipment such as televisions and refrigerators.
Shortening equipment lifespan: Higher harmonics in voltage waveforms can cause additional losses to electrical equipment, thereby shortening its lifespan.
Impact on electrical safety: Harmonics may also cause insulation damage to electrical equipment, increasing safety risks such as electric shock.

4、 Other impacts
Affects the accuracy of measurement and metering instruments: Power metering devices are designed according to standard sine waves. When there are harmonic components in the supply voltage or load current, it will affect the normal operation of induction energy meters, resulting in inaccurate metering.
Interference communication system: Harmonic currents flowing through power lines are coupled by magnetic fields, generating interference voltages in communication lines adjacent to power lines and disrupting the operation of communication systems.

In summary, a high voltage distortion rate poses serious hazards to the power grid, electrical equipment, and user electrical devices. Therefore, effective measures must be taken to reduce the voltage distortion rate and ensure the safe and economical operation of the power grid and user electrical equipment.